Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers in both men and women, yet it is also one of the most preventable when detected early. It begins in the colon or rectum and can spread to other parts of the body if left untreated. Understanding what happens before, during, and after colorectal cancer treatment can help patients and their families better navigate the journey.
Before Treatment: Diagnosis and Preparation
The process of diagnosing colorectal cancer typically starts with screening, especially for individuals over 50 or those with a family history of the disease. If screening results are abnormal, additional tests like colonoscopies, biopsies, and imaging may be needed to confirm the presence of cancer. Once diagnosed, the stage of the cancer will be determined, which will guide the treatment plan.
During this time, patients may experience a range of emotions—fear, confusion, and even disbelief. It’s important to lean on family, friends, and healthcare professionals for emotional support. Your medical team will discuss treatment options based on the stage of cancer, overall health, and personal preferences. Preparing for treatment might involve making lifestyle changes, understanding the potential side effects of therapies, and ensuring a strong support network.
For some individuals, surgery may be required to remove part or all of the colon or rectum. This could lead to the need for an ostomy, where a surgical opening (stoma) is created to allow waste to be eliminated from the body. Understanding the need for an ostomy before surgery can help patients mentally and emotionally prepare for this aspect of treatment.
During Treatment: Options and Challenges
The primary treatment options for colorectal cancer include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation, or a combination of these, depending on the stage and location of the cancer. Surgery is commonly performed to remove the tumor or affected portion of the colon or rectum, while chemotherapy and radiation are used to kill any remaining cancer cells or shrink tumors before surgery.
For some patients, surgery may involve the creation of a temporary or permanent ostomy, which is necessary if the colon or rectum needs to be removed. An ostomy allows waste to exit the body through a stoma into a specially designed bag. Learning how to care for an ostomy can initially feel overwhelming, but healthcare professionals and support groups provide valuable guidance and training to help patients manage this change.
During treatment, patients may experience physical challenges, including fatigue, nausea, changes in appetite, and digestive issues. It’s important to stay connected with healthcare providers who can offer solutions to manage side effects. Mental and emotional health is equally important, so seeking counseling or joining a support group can provide an invaluable outlet for processing the emotional toll of cancer treatment.
After Treatment: Recovery and Monitoring
Following treatment, patients will enter a phase of recovery and monitoring. For many, this will involve regular follow-up visits, which may include physical exams, imaging tests, and blood work to ensure that the cancer has not returned. It’s essential to maintain a healthy lifestyle, including a balanced diet, regular exercise, and staying up-to-date with any recommended screenings to catch any recurrence early.
Living after colorectal cancer treatment can be a new challenge, especially if an ostomy was involved. While some individuals may eventually be able to reverse a temporary ostomy through additional surgery, others may need to adjust to permanent changes. Ostomy care will become an ongoing part of life for those with a permanent stoma. Fortunately, there are many resources available to help individuals with ostomies maintain a good quality of life, from support groups to specialized nurses who can provide guidance on managing day-to-day care.
The emotional journey doesn’t necessarily end with the completion of physical treatment. Survivors may face anxiety about cancer returning or struggle with long-term side effects of treatment, like bowel dysfunction or changes in mental health. Support groups and counseling can play a vital role in helping survivors transition to life after cancer.
Resources for Colorectal Cancer in Alberta
If you or a loved one is facing a colorectal cancer diagnosis in Alberta, you are not alone. There are numerous resources available to support you throughout your journey:
Alberta Health Services (AHS) Colorectal Cancer Program:
AHS provides comprehensive care for individuals diagnosed with colorectal cancer, including screening, diagnosis, treatment options, and recovery support. Their specialized teams work closely with patients to provide coordinated care. (https://www.albertahealthservices.ca/info/Page8343.aspx)
Colon Cancer Canada:
This national organization offers support services, education, and advocacy. Their website provides information on prevention, early detection, and treatment options, as well as a patient-focused support community.
(https://www.colorectalcancercanada.com/colorectal-cancer/what-colorectal-cancer/)
Canadian Cancer Society (Alberta Division):
The Canadian Cancer Society offers a wide range of services, including emotional and practical support for patients and their families, financial assistance programs, and local support groups.
(https://cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/colorectal/staging)
Ostomy Alberta:
For those living with an ostomy, Ostomy Alberta provides a wealth of resources and support, including educational materials, support groups, and professional counseling to help patients manage their ostomy care.
(https://www.albertahealthservices.ca/findhealth/service.aspx?Id=2076)
Colorectal Cancer Support Group - Alberta:
Connecting with others who understand your experiences can be incredibly comforting. Alberta offers several local support groups where patients and survivors of colorectal cancer can share their stories, seek advice, and build a support network.
This online resource provides valuable information on colorectal cancer, from symptoms and risk factors to treatment options and aftercare. It’s a great resource for individuals seeking to understand more about the disease and what to expect during each stage.
(https://myhealth.alberta.ca/)
A colorectal cancer diagnosis is life-changing, but early detection, effective treatment, and strong support networks can make all the difference. By understanding what happens before, during, and after treatment, patients can be better prepared to face the challenges ahead. If you or someone you know is dealing with colorectal cancer, remember that help is available. Whether through healthcare professionals, support groups, or local resources, there is a community ready to provide the care and support needed for this journey—especially when adjusting to life with an ostomy.